Different Types of Dyeing Fabric Faults

Dyeing fabric faults are very common in the textile industry. Various types of defects occur during knit dyeing. Dyeing is the process of treating the fabric with a dye liquor, containing both dyes and chemicals, and subsequently fixing the dyes to the fabric. During the dyeing process, many defective dyed fabrics come out.

There are many dyeing fabric faults that have some causes.

1. Shade variation (batch to batch)
2. Dyeing spot
3. Uneven dyeing:
4. Crease mark
5. Softener mark
6. Soda spot
7. Chemical spot
8. Patchy dyeing
9. Wrinkle mark
10. Speaky dyeing

Shade variation (batch to batch):

Batch to batch shade variation is common exhaust dyeing which is not completely avoidable. To ensure compatible batch to batch production of shade the following matter should be control carefully.

Causes of fault:

1. Use of different brands of dyes and chemical 2. Causes of Pretreatment procedure
2. Different dyeing procedure of the same depth of shade 4. Use of different liquor ratio

Remedies:

1. Use standard dyes and chemical 2. Maintain the same liquor ration
2. Follow the standard pretreatment procedure 4. Maintain the same dyeing cycle
3. Make sure that the operation add the right bulk chemical at the same time and temperature in the process
4. The PH Hardness and sodium carbonate content of supply water should check daily

2. Dyeing spot:

Causes of fault:

1. Color spots due to dye deposits on the machine 2. Improper mixing of dye stuff into the solution

Remedies:

1. Need to clean the machine properly
2. By proper dissolving of dyes and chemical
3. By passing the dissolved dye stuff through a fine stainless steel mesh strainer, so that the large un-dissolved particles are removed.

3. Uneven dyeing:

Causes of fault:

1. Correct PH value not maintained 2. Water hardness
2. Improper migration 4. Uneven pretreatment 5. Uneven heat setting 6. Improper soda dosing
3. Quick addition of dyes and chemical

Remedies:

1. Correct ph value maintain
2. Properly scoured and bleached the fabric 3. Migration properly
3. Ensure even pretreatment 5. Ensure even heat setting 6. Properly dosing the soda

4. Crease mark:

The cruise sign appears in knitted fabric, as the dark haphazard continuous line breaks

Causes of fault:

1. Poor opening of the fabric rope
2. Sock cooling of synthetic material
3. If pump pressure and reel speed is not equal 4. Cause of high speed machine running

Remedies:

1. Reel speed and pump speed maintain properly
2. Lower rate rising and cooling the temperature 3. Machine load reduced
3. Maintain high liquor ratio

5.Softener mark:

Causes of fault:

1. Improper mixing of softener
2. Improper running time of the fabric during application of softener
3. during softener application entanglement of the fabric

Remedies:

1. Reel speed and pump speed maintain properly 2. Before addition properly mixing the softener
2. During softener application prevent the entanglement of the fabric

6. Soda spot:

Causes of fault:

1. NaOH is not used carefully
2. Alkalinity solution

Remedies:

1. NaOH should be use carefully
2. Neutralization properly.

7. Chemical spot :

Causes of fault:

1. Low quality de-foaming agent is used
2. In softener machine access chemical is used 3. Improper dosing of chemical

Remedies:

1. Use good quality de-foaming agent
2. Chemical use appropriately
3. Chemical dose should be maintain properly

8. Patchy dyeing:

Causes of fault:

1. Faulty injection of alkali
2. Improper addition of color 3. Causes of hardness of water
3. Causes of improper salt addition
4. Migration of during immediate dyeing 6. Uneven heat in the machine

Remedies:

1. Ensuring of proper treatment
2. Proper dosing of dye is and chemical
3. Heat should be same throughout the dye liquor 4. Addition of proper salt

9. Wrinkle mark:

Causes of fault:

1. Poor opening of the fabric rope
2. Shock cooling of the synthetic material 3. High temperature
3. Entanglement of the fabric

Remedies:

1. Maintain the proper reel speed and pump speed
2. It should be lower rate of rising and cooling the temperature
3. Liquor ratio should be higher

10.Speaky dyeing:

Speaky dyeing fault are observed in continuous dyeing.

Causes of fault:

1. through the pad too much foam
2. Fall on the fabric surface water drop before or after color. 3. Inadequate treatment after

Remedies:

1. Using antifoaming agents
2. Dyes and chemical guide rollers should not be stored.
3. Drop should be condensed into the ager
4. Water drop should not fall on the fabric.

You may also read

Colour Fastness

Different types of dyes name and properties

What is pH? what has a pH of 7?

Reference